Sonographic Assessment of Renal Size among Young Population of District Mardan, Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The kidneys are two reddish-brown organs positioned towards the upper region of the posterior of the wall of the abdomen, with one on both sides of the vertebral column. Renal ultrasound has been the preferred method for measuring kidney dimensions because it is readily accessible and does not involve the use of ionizing radiation. The objective was to measure and assess the sizes of kidneys using ultrasonography.

Material and Methods: Three hundred and eighty five individuals of both genders were selected randomly. These individuals were examined in the department of radiology Mardan Medical Complex using an ultrasound machine. By utilizing the statistical program SPSS (version 22), the Pearson correlation was used for weight, height, age and  body mass index.

Results: The overall mean length of right kidney was 9.68cm±0.86, width of right kidney was 4.54cm±0.51, and its parenchymal thickness was 2.57cm±0.29. Left kidney overall mean length was 9.86cm±1.01, width of left kidney was 4.73cm±0.55 and its parenchymal thickness was 2.69cm±0.28. Gender showed notable changes in renal length, width along with their parenchymal thickness with p<0.001.Age group analysis showed a  noteworthy increase in the kidneys width, thickness, and their length up to fifties. Positive correlation was noted between renal length, parenchymal thickness, and body height, body weight and  BMI.

Conclusions: In this study, the mean renal length was found to be slightly lower compared to other populations. Men generally had larger kidney sizes compared to women. The study also observed age-related changes in renal length, with an increase in length up to the age of fifty. These findings will help in the diagnosis and management of renal diseases.